New update on molecular determinants of colistin resistance in bacteria

Colistin relates to the polymyxin group of antibiotics. This antibiotic is still used to destroy gram-negative bacteria as a last resort. However, resistance to this antibiotic has been reported and is appearing day by day. Not much information is available on the exact mechanisms of resistance to this antibiotic. Also, not enough information about pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics is available, so the optimal dose should be determined to use these antibiotics to prevent the toxic effects of this antibiotic. In current study, additionally to their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, we have presented current knowledge about the genes and two-component systems that may cause such resistance to polymyxin and colistin.